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Lithium
- Lithium Brine
- Spodumene
- Lepidolite
- Lithium Carbonate (Li₂CO₃)
- Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH)
Cobalt
- Cobalt Ore
- Cobalt Sulfate
Nickel
- Nickel Ore
- Nickel Sulfide Ore
- Nickel Laterite Ore
- Nickel Sulfate (NiSO₄)
Iron
- Iron Ore
- Iron Oxide (Fe₂O₃)
- Iron(II) Oxalate Dihydrate (FeC₂O₄·2H₂O)
Phosphate
- Phosphate Rock
- Phosphoric Acid (H₃PO₄)
- Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (NH₄H₂PO₄)
- Lithium Phosphate (Li₃PO₄)
Aluminum
- Bauxite Ore
- Alumina (Al₂O₃)
- Aluminum Foil
Copper
- Copper Ore
- Copper Concentrate and Smelting
- Copper Foil
Mining Technology
- Open-Pit Mining
- Underground Mining
- Evaporative Extraction
- Flotation
- Heap Leaching
- High-Pressure Acid Leaching (HPAL)
- Bayer Process (Aluminum Refining)
- Acid/Alkaline Roasting + Leaching
- Beneficiation
Cathode Materials
- NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide)
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LiCoO2)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate(LiFePO4)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide(LiMn2O4)
- Sulfur (for Li-S batteries)
Anode Materials
- Natural Graphite
- Artificial Graphite
- Silicon Anode
- Lithium Metal Anode
Electrolytes
- Liquid Electrolyte
- Lithium Hexafluorophosphate (LiPF₆)
- Lithium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)
- Carbonate Solvents
- Additives
- Solid-State Electrolyte
- Oxide Electrolytes
- Sulfide Electrolytes (e.g., LGPS – Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂)
- Phosphate Electrolytes (e.g., NASICON – Li₁.₃Al₀.₃Ti₁.₇(PO₄)₃)
- Polymer Electrolytes (e.g., PEO-LiTFSI)
- Composite Electrolytes
Binders
- Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)
- Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)
- Styrene-Butadiene Rubber(SBR)
- Polyacrylic Acid(PAA)
- Polyimide(PI)
Separators
- Polyethylene (PE) Separator
- Polypropylene (PP) Separator
- Multilayer Separators
- Ceramic-Coated Separators
- Polyimide (PI) Separator
- Nonwoven Separators
Conductive Agents
- Carbon Black
- Carbon Nanotubes / Graphene
Battery Materials Manufacturing
- Co-precipitation
- Calcination
- Sintering
- Lithiation
- Spray Drying
- Milling
- Surface Coating
- Carbon Coating
- Doping
Physical & Structural Analysis
- Particle Size Distribution
- Morphology
- Surface Roughness
- Thickness Measurement
- Porosity
- Density
Chemical Composition
- Elemental Analysis (EDS, XRF)
- Spectroscopy (FTIR, Raman, XPS, EELS, ICP-MS, ToF-SIMS, NMR, DEMS)
- Impurity Analysis
Crystallographic & Phase Analysis
- X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
- EBSD
- Phase Identification
- Grain Orientation
- SAED, 4D-STEM, Strain Analysis
Electrochemical Characterization
- Cyclic Voltammetry
- Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
- Charge-Discharge Profiling
- Galvanostatic Cycling, In-situ TEM/SEM
Thermal & Mechanical Testing
- TGA, DSC
- Nanoindentation
- Compression/Tensile Testing
- In-situ Mechanical & Thermal Analysis (TEM/SEM/AFM)
Imaging & Microscopy
- SEM, STEM, AFM, X-ray CT
- Optical Microscopy
- FIB-SEM
Slurry Making
- Active Material
- Binder
- Conductive Additive
- Solvent
- Slurry
- Solid Content
- Dispersion
- Rheology
- Viscosity
Electrode Coating
- Coating Thickness
- Doctor Blade
- Wet Coating/processing
- Dry Coating/processing
- Current Collector
- Uniformity
Drying
- Evaporation
- Drying Oven
- Residual Solvent
- Porosity
- Tortuosity
Calendering
- Calendering
- Roller Gap
- Density
- Surface Finish
Cutting
- Die Cutting
- Laser Cutting
- Tab
- Edge Quality
Cell Assembly
- Stacking
- Winding
- Separator
- Electrode Alignment
- Jelly Roll
- Pouch Cells
- Cylindrical Cells
- Prismatic Cells
- Welds
Electrolyte Injection
- Electrolyte
- Injection Port
- Vacuum Filling
- Soaking
Cell Formation
- Formation Cycle
- SEI Layer
- Cycling
- Voltage Profiling
Aging
- Aging Time
- Self-Discharge
- Capacity Retention
Typing
- Cell Typing
- Grading
- Impedance
- Open-Circuit Voltage
- State of Charge
Cell Interconnection
- Busbar
- Series Connection
- Parallel Connection
- Tab Welding
- Electrical Conductivity
- Contact Resistance
Design and Structure
- Cell Spacing
- Module Enclosure
- Thermal Interface Material
- Compression
- Module Insulation
Thermal Management
- Cooling Plate
- Active Cooling
- Passive Cooling
- Temperature Sensor
- Thermal Runaway Mitigation
Safety
- Fusible Link
- Cell Venting
- Fire Retardant
- Electromagnetic Shielding
Testing and Validation
- Module Balancing
- State of Health
- Thermal Imaging
- End-of-Line Testing
Pack Assembly
- Battery Pack
- Pack Housing
- Structural Reinforcement
- Harness
- Busbar Insulation
Battery Management System (BMS)
- BMS
- Cell Monitoring Unit
- State of Charge
- Overcurrent Protection
- Balancing Circuit
- Disconnect Switch
Cooling and Thermal Management
- Heat Sink
- Coolant Loop
- Phase Change Material
- Air Cooling
- Thermal Runaway Protections
Electrical Connections
- High Voltage Interconnect
- Low Voltage Wiring
- Battery Terminal
Safety and Protection
- Pack Fuse
- Ventilation System
- Short Circuit Protection
- IP Rating
Testing and Validation
- Electrical Load Testing
- Thermal Cycling
- Vibration Test
- Shock Test
- Pack Certification
Integration into Systems
- Pack Mounting System
- Power Electronics Integration
- CAN Bus Communication
- Charge Port